[It] was initially approved in the 1930s as an antimalarial drug. It was used extensively during the second World War by Allied forces fighting in North Africa and the Far East to prevent malaria.
[...]
The product was one of the first synthetic substitutes for quinine although later superseded by chloroquine.
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He wondered if he were suffering from malaria, or, worse, from an overdose of Atabrine tablets. Appleby had been taking four times as many Atabrine tablets as the amount prescribed because he wanted to be four times as good a pilot as everyone else.
Joseph Heller. Catch-22, p.106 (1961)
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Her face had the ivory tinge of atabrine:
Graham Greene. The Heart of the Matter, p.22 (1948)