A shoulder ornament or badge worn by military and naval officers, differences of rank being marked by some peculiar form or device, as a star, eagle, etc.; a shoulder knot.
Note: In the United States service the epaulet is reserved for full dress uniform. Its use was abolished in the British army in 1855.
n. An ornamented badge, serving to distinguish a military officer from the enemy—that is to say, from the officer of lower rank to whom his death would give promotion.
The uniforms of the older men were embroidered in the old-fashioned way with epaulets on their shoulders;
Leo Tolstoy. Anna Karenina (1878)
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Here, our old sailors say, in their black seventy-fours great admirals sometimes sit at table, and lord it over rows of captains and lieutenants. Ha! what's this? epaulets! epaulets! the epaulets all come crowding.
Herman Melville. Moby Dick
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Prince Andrew, walking beside Bagration, could clearly distinguish their bandoliers, red epaulets, and even their faces.
Leo Tolstoy. War and Peace: With bonus material from Give War and Peace A Chance by Andrew D. Kaufman